Logical Volume Management LVM은 물리적 하드디스크를 논리 볼륨으로 관리 할수 있도록 해주는 녀석입니다. 기존의 데이터를 보존하면서 더 큰 용량을 확보 하고자 할 경우에 사용 합니다. 아래 예제에서는 용량 2TB의 하드디스크 2개를 가지고 LVM을 만들어 보았습니다. 1. Linux LVM 파티션 생성 fdisk로 새로 추가한 하드디스크 디바이스명 /dev/sdb, /dev/sdc에 LVM 파티션을 생성 합니다. (fdisk -l 명령어로 미리 디바이스명을 찾아 주시길 바랍니다.) # fdisk /dev/sdc 첫번째 파티션을 생성 하기 위해 n을 누르고 첫번째 파티션에 모든 용량을 할당 하도록 합니다. Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 1 First cylinder (1-267349, default 1): Using
Hadoop의 DFS 블록 사이즈 변경 방법입니다. conf/hdfs-site.xml 설정 파일에 <configuration>..</configuration> 구문 사이에 아래 예제 처럼 넣으면 됩니다. Block size 단위는 Byte 입니다. 64MB : 67108864 128MB : 134217728 256MB : 268435456 <?xml version=”1.0″?> <?xml-stylesheet type=”text/xsl” href=”configuration.xsl”?> <!– Put site-specific property overrides in this file. –> <configuration> <property> <name>dfs.data.dir</name> <value>/opt/hadoop/dfs/name/data</value> <final>true</final> </property> <property> <name>dfs.name.dir</name> <value>/opt/hadoop/dfs/name</value> <final>true</final> </property> <property> <name>dfs.replication</name> <value>2</value> </property> <property> <name>dfs.block.size</name> <value>134217728</value> </property> </configuration>
HDFS에 연결을 하지 못하는 문제점을 발견. 아래와 같은 에러가 난다면 호스트네임(hostname) 문제일 가능성이 있다. /etc/hosts 를 확인 하기 바란다. 2013-10-24 21:56:51,681 (agent-shutdown-hook) Exception while closing /logs/FlumeData. Exception follows. java.net.ConnectException: Call From dev.yongbok.net/127.0.0.1 to localhost:9000 failed on connection exception: java.net.ConnectException: 연결이 거부됨; For more details see: http://wiki.apache.org/hadoop/ConnectionRefused at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:57) at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45) at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:526) at org.apache.hadoop.net.NetUtils.wrapWithMessage(NetUtils.java:783) at org.apache.hadoop.net.NetUtils.wrapException(NetUtils.java:730) at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client.call(Client.java:1351) at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client.call(Client.java:1300) at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.ProtobufRpcEngine$Invoker.invoke(ProtobufRpcEngine.java:206) at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy11.getFileInfo(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606) at org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.RetryInvocationHandler.invokeMethod(RetryInvocationHandler.java:186) at org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.RetryInvocationHandler.invoke(RetryInvocationHandler.java:102) at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy11.getFileInfo(Unknown Source) at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocolPB.ClientNamenodeProtocolTranslatorPB.getFileInfo(ClientNamenodeProtocolTranslatorPB.java:651) at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient.getFileInfo(DFSClient.java:1679) at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DistributedFileSystem$17.doCall(DistributedFileSystem.java:1106) at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DistributedFileSystem$17.doCall(DistributedFileSystem.java:1102) at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystemLinkResolver.resolve(FileSystemLinkResolver.java:81) at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DistributedFileSystem.getFileStatus(DistributedFileSystem.java:1102) at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem.exists(FileSystem.java:1397) at org.apache.flume.sink.hdfs.BucketWriter$7.call(BucketWriter.java:486)
Flume 1.4.0 stable 버전에서 아래와 같은 에러가 난다면 개발자 버전을 받아 사용하길 바랍니다. # flume-ng agent –conf $FLUME_HOME/conf -f $FLUME_HOME/conf/flume.conf -Dflume.root.logger=DEBUG,console -n YongbokAgent Info: Sourcing environment configuration script /home/hadoop/flume/conf/flume-env.sh Info: Including Hadoop libraries found via (/home/hadoop/2.2.0/bin/hadoop) for HDFS access Info: Excluding /home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-api-1.7.5.jar from classpath Info: Excluding /home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.5.jar from classpath + exec /usr/local/jdk/bin/java -Xmx20m -Dflume.root.logger=DEBUG,console -cp ‘/home/hadoop/flume/conf:/home/hadoop/flume/lib/*:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/etc/hadoop:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/activation-1.1.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/asm-3.2.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/avro-1.7.4.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-beanutils-1.7.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-beanutils-core-1.8.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-cli-1.2.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-codec-1.4.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-collections-3.2.1.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-compress-1.4.1.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-configuration-1.6.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-digester-1.8.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-el-1.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-httpclient-3.1.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-io-2.1.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-lang-2.5.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-logging-1.1.1.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-math-2.1.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-net-3.1.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/guava-11.0.2.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/hadoop-annotations-2.2.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/hadoop-auth-2.2.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jackson-core-asl-1.8.8.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jackson-jaxrs-1.8.8.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jackson-mapper-asl-1.8.8.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jackson-xc-1.8.8.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jasper-compiler-5.5.23.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jasper-runtime-5.5.23.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jaxb-api-2.2.2.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jaxb-impl-2.2.3-1.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jersey-core-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jersey-json-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jersey-server-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jets3t-0.6.1.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jettison-1.1.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jetty-6.1.26.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jetty-util-6.1.26.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jsch-0.1.42.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jsp-api-2.1.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jsr305-1.3.9.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/junit-4.8.2.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/log4j-1.2.17.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/mockito-all-1.8.5.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/netty-3.6.2.Final.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/paranamer-2.3.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/protobuf-java-2.5.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/servlet-api-2.5.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/snappy-java-1.0.4.1.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/stax-api-1.0.1.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/xmlenc-0.52.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/xz-1.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/zookeeper-3.4.5.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/hadoop-common-2.2.0-tests.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/hadoop-common-2.2.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/hadoop-nfs-2.2.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/jdiff:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/lib:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/sources:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/common/templates:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/hdfs:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/asm-3.2.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/commons-cli-1.2.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/commons-codec-1.4.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/commons-daemon-1.0.13.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/commons-el-1.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/commons-io-2.1.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/commons-lang-2.5.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/commons-logging-1.1.1.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/guava-11.0.2.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/jackson-core-asl-1.8.8.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/jackson-mapper-asl-1.8.8.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/jasper-runtime-5.5.23.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/jersey-core-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/jersey-server-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/jetty-6.1.26.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/jetty-util-6.1.26.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/jsp-api-2.1.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/jsr305-1.3.9.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/log4j-1.2.17.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/netty-3.6.2.Final.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/protobuf-java-2.5.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/servlet-api-2.5.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/xmlenc-0.52.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/hadoop-hdfs-2.2.0-tests.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/hadoop-hdfs-2.2.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/hadoop-hdfs-nfs-2.2.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/jdiff:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/sources:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/templates:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/webapps:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/aopalliance-1.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/asm-3.2.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/avro-1.7.4.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/commons-compress-1.4.1.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/commons-io-2.1.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/guice-3.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/guice-servlet-3.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/hadoop-annotations-2.2.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/hamcrest-core-1.1.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jackson-core-asl-1.8.8.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jackson-mapper-asl-1.8.8.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/javax.inject-1.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jersey-core-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jersey-guice-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jersey-server-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/junit-4.10.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/log4j-1.2.17.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/netty-3.6.2.Final.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/paranamer-2.3.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/protobuf-java-2.5.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/snappy-java-1.0.4.1.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/xz-1.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-api-2.2.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-applications-distributedshell-2.2.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-applications-unmanaged-am-launcher-2.2.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-client-2.2.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-common-2.2.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-server-common-2.2.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-server-nodemanager-2.2.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-server-resourcemanager-2.2.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-server-tests-2.2.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-server-web-proxy-2.2.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-site-2.2.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib-examples:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/sources:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/yarn/test:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/aopalliance-1.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/asm-3.2.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/avro-1.7.4.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/commons-compress-1.4.1.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/commons-io-2.1.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/guice-3.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/guice-servlet-3.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/hadoop-annotations-2.2.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/hamcrest-core-1.1.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/jackson-core-asl-1.8.8.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/jackson-mapper-asl-1.8.8.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/javax.inject-1.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/jersey-core-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/jersey-guice-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/jersey-server-1.9.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/junit-4.10.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/log4j-1.2.17.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/netty-3.6.2.Final.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/paranamer-2.3.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/protobuf-java-2.5.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/snappy-java-1.0.4.1.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/xz-1.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-app-2.2.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-common-2.2.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-core-2.2.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-hs-2.2.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-hs-plugins-2.2.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-jobclient-2.2.0-tests.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-jobclient-2.2.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-shuffle-2.2.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.2.0.jar:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib-examples:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/sources:/contrib/capacity-scheduler/*.jar’ -Djava.library.path=:/home/hadoop/2.2.0/lib/native org.apache.flume.node.Application -f /home/hadoop/flume/conf/flume.conf -n YongbokAgent 13/10/24 21:15:40 INFO node.PollingPropertiesFileConfigurationProvider: Configuration provider starting 13/10/24 21:15:40 INFO node.PollingPropertiesFileConfigurationProvider: Reloading configuration file:/home/hadoop/flume/conf/flume.conf 13/10/24 21:15:40 INFO conf.FlumeConfiguration: Processing:HDFS 13/10/24 21:15:40 INFO conf.FlumeConfiguration: Added sinks: HDFS Agent: YongbokAgent 13/10/24 21:15:40 INFO conf.FlumeConfiguration: Processing:HDFS 13/10/24 21:15:40 INFO conf.FlumeConfiguration: Processing:HDFS
KVM 환경에서 사용중이던 이미지를 VirtualBox에서 사용이 가능하도록 이미지를 컨버팅 하는 방법입니다. VBoxManage.exe convertfromraw –format 예제) KVM에서 백업 받은 yongbok.net-2014-01-21.img를 VirtualBox에서 사용가능 하도록 vdi 이미지로 컨버팅. VirtualBox가 설치된 경로에 이동 후 C:>cd C:Program FilesOracleVirtualBox img -> vdi로 컨버팅 합니다. C:>VBoxManage.exe convertfromraw –format VDI d:yongbok.net-2014-01-29.img d:vmsyongbok.net-2014-01-29.vdi Converting from raw image file=”d:yongbok.net-2014-01-29.img” to file=”d:vmsvyongbok.net-2014-01-29.vdi”.. Creating dynamic image with size 21474836480 bytes (20480MB)…